AIM: To study and design an Automated Car Parking Indication System. And understand the use of different elements such as NO/NC Contacts, Counters and Memory Bits in the designing of an automated system.
OBJECTIVE: We
will try to,
Understand the work and complexity of the system.
Create and Understand Ladder
Logic of this Entire System.
Create HMI Interface of this Entire System.
Working:
[AI Generated Illustration of Automated Car Parking Indication System]
Ladder Logic of the System:
Elements Used:
NO Contact:
A Normally Open Contact is widely use in PLC Programming. When we
give it signal 1, we will get output 1 and when we give it signal 0, we will
get signal 0.
NC Contact:
A Normally Open Contact is widely use in PLC
Programming. It works opposite of the NO Contact. When we give it input signal
1, we will get output signal 0 and when we give it input signal 0, we will get
output signal 1.
CTUD:
CTUD (Count Up/Down) is a type of
counter used in PLC programming that can both increase and decrease its count
value. It increments the count when an input signal is received at the count-up
input and decrements when a signal is received at the count-down input. It is
commonly used in applications like parking systems to track the number of
objects entering and exiting.
Complete Ladder
Diagram:
Explanation:
The ladder logic for the Automated Car Parking System starts with a start-stop circuit where t
he System_Start push button energizes Memory_Bit_1, and it is latched using a self-holding contact, while the Stop button breaks the circuit.
Once the system is active, the CTUD (Count Up/Down) counter is enabled through Memory_Bit_1.The In_Sensor is connected to the count-up (CU) input, which increases the car count when a vehicle enters, and the Out_Sensor is connected to the count-down (CD) input, which decreases the count when a vehicle exits.
The preset value (PV) is set to 5, representing the maximum parking
capacity.
When the count reaches
this value, the counter output activates Memory_Bit_2,
which turns ON the Full_Indicator.
If the count is less than 5, Memory_Bit_2 remains OFF, and the Space_Indicator is turned ON instead.
This logic ensures proper
tracking of vehicles
and real-time indication of parking availability.
Complete HMI Interface:
 |
Explanation:
- The HMI interface of the Automated Car Parking Indication System is
designed to provide clear and easy monitoring of the parking status.
- It includes a System ON/OFF button to start or stop the system operation.
- The Cars In and
Cars Out buttons are used to simulate or indicate vehicle
entry and exit.
- A digital display shows the total number of parked cars in real
time, based on the counter value from the PLC.
- The interface also displays the total parking
capacity, which is set
to 5 vehicles.
- Additionally, visual indicators (circular lamps) are provided to
represent the parking status, such as whether the parking is full or space is
available.
- This user-friendly design
helps the operator
quickly understand and control the system
efficiently.
[
CONCLUSION:
- Through this project, we learned how industrial automation concepts
can be applied to solve real-world problems like parking management.
- We gained practical knowledge of PLC programming, especially ladder
logic using sensors and CTUD counters for real-time counting operations.
- We also learned how to design an effective HMI interface for
monitoring and controlling the system.
- This project helped us understand the integration of hardware and
software, improved our problem-solving skills, and gave us hands-on experience
in automation systems used in industries.